APA ITU PIPE STRESS ANALYSIS

APA ITU PIPE STRESS ANALYSIS

Pipe Stress Analysis dalam Bahasa Indonesia adalah analisa tegangan yang terjadi pada pipa akibat dari perubahan temperature/suhu baik itu dari dalam ataupun dari luar pipa tu sendiri.
Dari dalam pipa itu sendiri adalah :
1. Fluida
2. Flow
3. Gesekan

Sedangkan dari luar pipa adalah :
1. Cuaca baik cuaca panas atau dingin
2. situasi kondisi dmana dia dipasang, apa itu dalam tanah atau diatas
tanah.

Tapi yang jelas Pipe Stress Analisis berhubungan dengan material yang terkandung pada pipa. yach Pipa PCV, Pipa CS atau Pipa SS atau lainnya
tentunya berbeda kemampuannya dlm mereduce stress.

Makanya sebelum kita menentukan/ menghitung Pipe Stress Analysys ada bainya kita lihat dulu jenis materials yang terkandung pada suatu pipa.

DIsamping dengan pembebanan yang trdapat pada pipa tersebut baik itu dari fluida, berat pipa itu sendiri

sistem perpipaan yang diberikan dalam pedoman yang ditetapkan oleh kode yang berlaku dan standar industri tertentu.

Codes and Standards Related to Piping

ASME – American Society of Mechanical Engineers:

ASME B31.1 -
Power Piping, includes all piping system for electric generating plants, industrial and institutional plants, central and district heating plants

ASME B31.3 –
Process Piping, includes piping within the property limits of facilities engaged in the processing or handling of chemical or petroleum or related products

ASME B31.4 -
Liquid Petroleum Transportation Piping, includes piping transporting liquid petroleum in petroleum products between producer’s facilities and delivery and receiving points

ASME B31.8 -
Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping, includes gas transmission pipelines, gas compressor stations

ASME Section VIII, Divisions 1 and 2 - Pressure vessels

API – American Petroleum Industry:
API 661 - Air-cooled heat exchangers for general refinery services
API 610 - Centrifugal pumps for general refinery services
API 611 - General purpose steam turbine for refinery services
API 617 - Centrifugal compressors for general refinery services
API 618 - Reciprocating compressors for general refinery services
API 650 - Welded steel tanks for oil storage

NEMA – National Electrical Manufacturers Association
SM-23 – Steam Turbines for mechanical drive service

Tujuan dari perpipaan fleksibilitas dan analisis stres adalah untuk menjamin keamanan terhadap:
• kegagalan material perpipaan atau struktur dari overstress jangkar
• kebocoran di sambungan
• overloads pada peralatan terhubung

BAGAIMANA MENGLASIFIKASIKAN STRESS PADA PIPA :

A. Critical Service Piping Systems
1. Pump, turbine, blower, and compressor piping
2. Piping designed for 500 F or greater.
3. Piping designed for 1000 psig or greater.
4. Piping greater than 24 inches diameter.
5. Piping connected to sensitive equipment, such as
fired heaters, fin-fan coolers, reactors and boilers.
6. Piping supported or guided from stress-relieved
vessel.
7. Jacketed piping.

B. Intermediate Service Piping Systems
1. Piping designed for 250 to 499 F.
2. Piping designed for 500 to 999 psig.
3. Piping from 6 in. to 24 in.. diameter.
4. Nonmetallic piping.
5. Vacuum lines.
6. Pipeway and yard piping.

C. Mild Service Piping Systems
1. Other piping not indicated in Critical and Intermediate
Piping Systems.

What are the basic loads considered by the stress engineer?
1. Primary Load (Sustained Load) –
Refers to the type of load that remains constant throughout the operating life of a piping system. This includes the dead weight of the pipe, valves, insulation, flanges, snow, other mechanical loads, and the live load represented by the flowing commodity in the pipe.

2. Secondary Load (Thermal Load) –
Refers to the type of load that goes through a cycle as the piping system heats up and cools down in its normal course of operation. Loads due to thermal expansion, anchor or structural movements due to wind or seismic, tank or equipment settlement are secondary loads.

3. Occasional Loads –
Refers to the type of load caused by wind, seismic, psv discharge, water hammer, and slug flow effects. Pressure waves due to weapons blast effects are also considered occasional in nature.


Itulah sedikit mengenai dasar-dasar stress pada pipa..
nanti ditambah lagi lebih jelas lagi..

Duri, 16-7-2010
atas nama gue..

sumber :
1. gue
2. Fluor Daniel Inc. "Pipe Stress Basic.
1.